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Petition
A formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to authority in respect of a particular cause. Petitions can be signed online (on websites) or on paper.
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Examples:
Petition - Save the Environment - Save the EPA
Protect UK Environment & Wildlife - adopt European environmental legislation.
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Policy Dismantling by Default (Passive)
The de facto reduction of social service levels or environmental protection by refraining from adjusting existing levels to changing external conditions. Decision-makers deliberately refrain from adapting the substantial intensity of rules and legislation despite new technological standards or scientific knowledge. This strategy ensures generally low visibility, as the absence of any decision attracts less political attention than potentially highly politicized debates on the design of concrete plans and methods to dismantle a certain policy.
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Examples:
Understanding Policy Dismantling: An Analytical Framework
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Policy Window Utilization/Opportunity Grabbing
The use of ecological "disasters" that have been captured in dramatic TV images and newspaper headlines as trigger for action. These events help define, redefine and re inspire
the environmental movement. They also help increase membership in environmental organizations, encourage government action, and, in general, influence the overall public
opinion.
Examples:
1. Santa Barbara Oil Spill.
The 1969 oil Spill in the Santa Barbara Channel was the largest oil spill in the United States waters at the time with an estimated 80,000-100,000 barrels of crude oil spilling into the Channel and beaches. It had significant impact on marine life and sparked a lot of public outrage and prominent media coverage. It resulted in a number of environmental laws being passed that helped form the legal and regulatory framework for the modern environmental movement.
2. Cuyahoga River Fire.
The 1969 fire brought about the creation of many water pollution prevention legislation such as the Clean Water Act, Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, and the formation of the Environmental Protection Agency.
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Political support
Support provided by a political authority to a certain cause. Most of the times it happens due to the continuous dimension from evaluations of the immediate actions of government officials to identifying with the nation state. Identification with the political community is the most fundamental of political identities.
Examples:
Political Support in Advanced Industrial Democracies
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Private Sector Coalition
Effort of uniting private companies in order to ensure their common interests. Internal goals are set, which translate to the greater good by combining different potentials from different companies.
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Examples:
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative
Private Sector - an Integral part of Climate Action Post-Paris
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